There are a gazillion factors that determine a company’s future success—many of them impossible to predict. A disruptive new technology might emerge. A trade war could drive up the price of key materials. A junior researcher may file for a patent that ends up being worth billions. But with the right data, investors and executives can see past the randomness. Two years ago, Fortune teamed up with management consulting firm BCG to create the Future 50, a system that analyzes dozens of factors to identify companies with the strongest long-term growth potential. The picks from each of the first two years have easily outpaced the market. Read on for this year’s ranking.